17.9 Power Supplies and Connections (NETWORK)

17.9 Power Supplies and Connections (NETWORK)#

Input for defining an external electrical circuit.

NETWORK defines an external electrical circuit by connecting circuit elements (nodes), such as current-field sources, power supplies, external resistances, external inductances, and external capacitors.

Settings#

NETWORK(17.9) JSON key: power-supply and connection object

REGION_FACTOR(17.9) Indicates that the actual system (full model) being analyzed is this multiple of the analysis-model region.

REGION_PARALLEL(17.9) Sets the number of parallel circuits (default: 1).

FEM(17.9.1) Source defined in the FEM region

ID(17.9.1) Element identifier

START(17.9.1) Start-node number

END(17.9.1) End-node number

SERIES_ID(17.9.1) FEM-region source series ID

R(17.9.2) Represents a resistance

ID(17.9.2) Element identifier

START(17.9.2) Start-node number

END(17.9.2) End-node number

RESISTANCE(17.9.2) Resistance value

L(17.9.3) Represents an inductance

ID(17.9.3) Element identifier

START(17.9.3) Start-node number

END(17.9.3) End-node number

INDUCTANCE(17.9.3) Inductance value

C(17.9.5) Represents a capacitance

ID(17.9.5) Element identifier

START(17.9.5) Start-node number

END(17.9.5) End-node number

CAPACITANCE(17.9.5) Capacitance value

M(17.9.4) Represents mutual inductance

ID(17.9.4) Element identifier

L1_ID(17.9.4) Inductance-element ID 1 (text format: L1)

L2_ID(17.9.4) Inductance-element ID 2 (text format: L2)

MUTUAL_INDUCTANCE(17.9.4) Mutual-inductance value (text format: INDUCTANCE)

CPS(17.9.6) Represents a current source

ID(17.9.6) Element identifier

START(17.9.6) Start-node number

END(17.9.6) End-node number

TIME_ID(17.9.6) Time ID

VPS(17.9.7) Represents a voltage source

ID(17.9.7) Element identifier

START(17.9.7) Start-node number

END(17.9.7) End-node number

TIME_ID(17.9.7) Time ID

D1(17.9.8) Represents a nonlinear diode (diode type 1)

ID(17.9.8) Element identifier

START(17.9.8) Start-node number

END(17.9.8) End-node number

R1(17.9.8) Forward-current resistance value

R2(17.9.8) Reverse-current resistance value

D2(17.9.9) Represents a nonlinear diode (diode type 2)

ID(17.9.9) Element identifier

START(17.9.9) Start-node number

END(17.9.9) End-node number

V0(17.9.9) Voltage value

I0(17.9.9) Current value

EQ(17.9.10) Represents a nonlinear element (equation input)

ID(17.9.10) Element identifier

START(17.9.10) Start-node number

END(17.9.10) End-node number

TABLE(17.9.11) Represents a nonlinear element (table input)

NUMBER(17.9.11) Number of tables

ID(17.9.11) Table ID

CURRENT(17.9.11) Current value

VOLTAGE(17.9.11) Voltage value

TAB(17.9.11) Represents a nonlinear element with table input

ID(17.9.11) Element identifier

START(17.9.11) Start-node number

END(17.9.11) End-node number

TABLE_ID(17.9.11) Table ID

SETV(17.9.12) Represents the initially applied voltage

ID(17.9.12) Element identifier

INITIAL_VOLTAGE(17.9.12) Initially applied voltage

SETI(17.9.13) Represents the initially applied current

ID(17.9.13) Element identifier

INITIAL_CURRENT(17.9.13) Initially applied current

SWITCH(17.9.14) Represents a switch

ID(17.9.14) Element identifier

START(17.9.14) Start-node number

END(17.9.14) End-node number

ON_RES(17.9.14) Resistance in the ON state

OFF_RES(17.9.14) Resistance in the OFF state

CYCLE(17.9.14) Switch period

PHASE_OP(17.9.14) Switch-timing flag

TIME_ID(17.9.14) Time ID

ON_TIME(17.9.14) Start time of the ON state

OFF_TIME(17.9.14) Start time of the OFF state

VR(17.9.15) Represents a time-dependent variable resistance

ID(17.9.15) Element identifier

START(17.9.15) Start-node number

END(17.9.15) End-node number

TIME_ID(17.9.15) Time ID

Input format#

Note

The “number of parameters” counts the element name appearing in each text-format line (such as NETWORK, FEM, or R) as one item. Every record has an element name, but not every record has the generic element ID. SETV, SETI, and TABLE are records for conditions or definitions, not independent circuit elements. In text format, SETV and SETI specify the ID of their target element; in JSON format, they are nested inside the target element and therefore do not have an ID.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1 + NO_ELEMENTS

Number of parameters:

3 + NO_ELEMENTS * NO_PARAMETERS

Text format#
* NETWORK * REGION_FACTOR * REGION_PARALLEL *
NETWORK 1.000000   1.000000
FEM     1     1     2     3
FEM     2     1     3     4
FEM     3     1     4     5
R       4     2     5           0.38
R       5     3     6           0.38
R       6     4     7           0.38
CPS     7     5     8     3
CPS     8     6     8     4
CPS     9     7     8     5
R      10     8     1        1000000
* END NETWORK *
END
Text format#
*SOURCES Definitions*
SOURCE
* NETWORK * REGION_FACTOR * REGION_PARALLEL
NETWORK   1.0   1.0
D1     1     1     2         1e-005     100000
SWITCH     2     3     2     1e-005     100000
* NO_DATA * CYCLE * PHASE_OP * TIME_ID *
    1  0.02     1     0
* ON_TIME   *   OFF_TIME  *
30.0  180.0
D1     3     5     3         1e-005     100000
L       4     3     4           0.01
R       5     5     4            2.0
VPS     6     5     1     1
* END NETWORK *
END

JSON format#

JSON format from 2024.11#
"17_Field_Source" :
[
    {
        "NETWORK" :
        {
            "REGION_FACTOR" : 1.0,
            "REGION_PARALLEL" : 1.0,
            "data" :
            [
                {
                    "type" : "FEM",
                    "ID" : 1,
                    "START" : 1,
                    "END" : 2,
                    "SERIES_ID" : 3
                },
                {
                    "type" : "FEM",
                    "ID" : 2,
                    "START" : 1,
                    "END" : 3,
                    "SERIES_ID" : 4
                },
                {
                    "type" : "FEM",
                    "ID" : 3,
                    "START" : 1,
                    "END" : 4,
                    "SERIES_ID" : 5
                },
                {
                    "type" : "R",
                    "ID" : 4,
                    "START" : 2,
                    "END" : 5,
                    "RESISTANCE" : 0.38
                },
                {
                    "type" : "R",
                    "ID" : 5,
                    "START" : 3,
                    "END" : 6,
                    "RESISTANCE" : 0.38
                },
                {
                    "type" : "R",
                    "ID" : 6,
                    "START" : 4,
                    "END" : 7,
                    "RESISTANCE" : 0.38
                },
                {
                    "type" : "CPS",
                    "ID" : 7,
                    "START" : 5,
                    "END" : 8,
                    "TIME_ID" : 3
                },
                {
                    "type" : "CPS",
                    "ID" : 8,
                    "START" : 6,
                    "END" : 8,
                    "TIME_ID" : 4
                },
                {
                    "type" : "CPS",
                    "ID" : 9,
                    "START" : 7,
                    "END" : 8,
                    "TIME_ID" : 5
                },
                {
                    "type" : "R",
                    "ID" : 10,
                    "START" : 8,
                    "END" : 1,
                    "RESISTANCE" : 1.0e+06
                }
            ]
        }
    }
]
JSON format from 2024.11#
"17_Field_Source" :
[
    {
        "NETWORK" :
        {
            "REGION_FACTOR" : 1.0,
            "REGION_PARALLEL" : 1.0,
            "data" :
            [
                {
                    "type" : "D1",
                    "ID" : 1,
                    "START" : 1,
                    "END" : 2,
                    "R1" : 1.0e-05,
                    "R2" : 1.0e+05
                },
                {
                    "type" : "SWITCH",
                    "ID" : 2,
                    "START" : 3,
                    "END" : 2,
                    "ON_RES" : 1.0e-05,
                    "OFF_RES" : 1.0e+05,
                    "CYCLE" : 2.0e-02,
                    "PHASE_OP" : 1,
                    "TIME_ID" : 0,
                    "ON_TIME" : [ 30.0 ],
                    "OFF_TIME" : [ 180.0 ]
                },
                {
                    "type" : "D1",
                    "ID" : 3,
                    "START" : 5,
                    "END" : 3,
                    "R1" : 1.0e-05,
                    "R2" : 1.0e+05
                },
                {
                    "type" : "L",
                    "ID" : 4,
                    "START" : 3,
                    "END" : 4,
                    "INDUCTANCE" : 1.0e-02
                },
                {
                    "type" : "R",
                    "ID" : 5,
                    "START" : 5,
                    "END" : 4,
                    "RESISTANCE" : 2.0e+00
                },
                {
                    "type" : "VPS",
                    "ID" : 6,
                    "START" : 5,
                    "END" : 1,
                    "TIME_ID" : 1
                }
            ]
        }
    }
]

Detailed description#

NETWORK constructs a circuit by connecting circuit elements (nodes), such as current-field sources, power supplies, external resistances, external inductances, and external capacitors.

Hint

The text format uses a notation similar to the electrical-circuit simulator SPICE.

How to use NETWORK#

This section explains how to use NETWORK and the information output to the output file.

Note

  • Using this feature requires the <NETWORK module>.

In text format, enter circuit-element and configuration data between the NETWORK and END lines.

The ID numbers of circuit elements and nodes must be unique. Unless stated otherwise, their order is not significant. Circuit elements include FEM, R, L, M, C, D1, D2, EQ, TAB, SWITCH, VR, CPS, and VPS. Except for M, each has a node at both ends, and current and voltage are defined from the start node toward the end node.

The configuration records SETV and SETI must be entered after the elements they reference.

All elements can be used in transient analysis, but the nonlinear elements D1, D2, EQ, and TAB cannot be used in steady AC analysis. In static analysis, L, M, and C cannot be used.

<Example> The following shows data for a three-phase rectifier circuit. Here, U, V, and W are FEM series, and U1 through W2 are diode type 1.

Text-format section
Text format#
* NETWORK * REGION_FACTOR * REGION_PARALLEL *
NETWORK 4. 1.
FEM 1 1 11 2
FEM 2 1 12 3
FEM 3 1 13 1
D2 11 2 11 1. 0.001
D2 12 11 3 1. 0.001
D2 21 2 12 1. 0.001
D2 22 12 3 1. 0.001
D2 31 2 13 1. 0.001
D2 32 13 2 1. 0.001
R 4 2 3 1.0
R 5 3 4 1.0
END
JSON format from 2024.11#
"17_Field_Source" :
[
    {
        "NETWORK" :
        {
            "REGION_FACTOR" : 4.0,
            "REGION_PARALLEL" : 1.0,
            "data" :
            [
                {
                    "type" : "FEM",
                    "ID" : 1,
                    "START" : 1,
                    "END" : 11,
                    "SERIES_ID" : 2
                },
                {
                    "type" : "FEM",
                    "ID" : 2,
                    "START" : 1,
                    "END" : 12,
                    "SERIES_ID" : 3
                },
                {
                    "type" : "FEM",
                    "ID" : 3,
                    "START" : 1,
                    "END" : 13,
                    "SERIES_ID" : 1
                },
                {
                    "type" : "D2",
                    "ID" : 11,
                    "START" : 2,
                    "END" : 11,
                    "V0" : 1.0e+00,
                    "I0" : 1.0e-03
                },
                {
                    "type" : "D2",
                    "ID" : 12,
                    "START" : 11,
                    "END" : 3,
                    "V0" : 1.0e+00,
                    "I0" : 1.0e-03
                },
                {
                    "type" : "D2",
                    "ID" : 21,
                    "START" : 2,
                    "END" : 12,
                    "V0" : 1.0e+00,
                    "I0" : 1.0e-03
                },
                {
                    "type" : "D2",
                    "ID" : 22,
                    "START" : 12,
                    "END" : 3,
                    "V0" : 1.0e+00,
                    "I0" : 1.0e-03
                },
                {
                    "type" : "D2",
                    "ID" : 31,
                    "START" : 2,
                    "END" : 13,
                    "V0" : 1.0e+00,
                    "I0" : 1.0e-03
                },
                {
                    "type" : "D2",
                    "ID" : 32,
                    "START" : 13,
                    "END" : 2,
                    "V0" : 1.0e+00,
                    "I0" : 1.0e-03
                },
                {
                    "type" : "R",
                    "ID" : 4,
                    "START" : 2,
                    "END" : 3,
                    "RESISTANCE" : 1.0e+00
                },
                {
                    "type" : "R",
                    "ID" : 5,
                    "START" : 3,
                    "END" : 4,
                    "RESISTANCE" : 1.0e+00
                }
            ]
        }
    }
]

Caution

Notes on using NETWORK

The circuit network is analyzed using a tree structure, and independent variables are extracted. This information is output to the output file. For the preceding example, the following output is produced.

output file#
******* Network structure *********************************
Number of independent elements = 5
Independent elements （独立な電流を与える要素番号）
No. ID
1 3
2 12
3 21
4 31
5 4
Node voltage dependences （ノード電圧は要素電圧降下の和で表されます。
負値は逆極性に和がとられます。）
Node ID: Element IDs
3; 22 -1 11 2
2; （この例ではノード2が電圧基準位置になっています。）
13; -32 2 11 -1 22
12; 2 11 -1
11; 11
1; -1 11
Element dependences （いわゆるタイセット行列です。）
1 2 3 11 12 21 22 31 32 4
3: 0 -1 1 0 0 0 -1 0 1 0
12: 1 -1 0 0 1 0 -1 0 0 0
21: 1 -1 0 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0
31: 1 -1 0 -1 0 0 -1 1 1 0
4: 1 -1 0 -1 0 0 -1 0 0 1

******* End of network structure *************************

The dependent current of element \(i\) is expressed as \(I_i = \sum T_{ij} I_j\).

The current-source element CPS and the voltage-source element VPS with initial current set by SETI must be included in the Independent elements above. To do this, these elements must be able to become co-tree elements in the tree structure. A co-tree element is one that forms a loop when added to the tree structure after the other elements are removed. Therefore, these elements cannot be connected in a branchless series.

NETWORK#

NETWORK(17.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Specifies the external circuit NETWORK.

Text-format section

END Indicates the end of the NETWORK data.

REGION_FACTOR#

REGION_FACTOR(17.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Real (E)

Description:

Indicates that the actual system being analyzed (the full model) is this multiple of the analysis-model region.

For example, the value is 2N for mirror symmetry and N-fold rotational symmetry. This is required to enter the series external inductance, resistance, and voltage as full-model values. The output voltage is also reported for the full model.

When this value is entered as 1.0, input and output use the analysis-model region as the full system. In the example above, values of 1/2N must be entered for the corresponding full-model quantities, and the output voltage is for the analysis-model region.

REGION_PARALLEL#

REGION_PARALLEL(17.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Real (E)

Description:

Sets the number of parallel circuits. The default is 1, and explicitly specifying 1 in JSON is recommended. 0 can also be entered, but EMSolution treats it internally as 1.

When REGION_FACTOR is set to the full-model multiple relative to the analysis model, the REGION_FACTOR conversion is applied so that the calculation corresponds to one parallel circuit. In this case, output reports power-supply values for the full model and coil and inductance values for one parallel circuit.

17.9.1 FEM series element#

Defines a source series in the FEM region.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

5

Text format#
* FEM * ID * START * END * SERIES_ID *
FEM     1     1     2     3
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "FEM",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "SERIES_ID" : 3
            }

FEM#

FEM(17.9.1)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Source series defined in the FEM region.

The series COIL(17.1), ELMCUR(17.2), SDEFCOIL(17.3), PHICOIL(17.4), DCCURR(17.5), and SUFCUR(17.6) can be defined.

ID#

ID(17.9.1)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.1)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.1)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

SERIES_ID#

SERIES_ID(17.9.1)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

FEM-region source series ID.

The series COIL(17.1), ELMCUR(17.2), SDEFCOIL(17.3), PHICOIL(17.4), DCCURR(17.5), and SUFCUR(17.6) can be defined.

17.9.2 Resistance element#

Defines a resistance element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

5

Text format#
* R * ID * START * END * RESISTANCE *
R       1     1     2     10.0
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "R",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "RESISTANCE" : 10.0
            }

R#

R(17.9.2)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the resistance element R.

ID#

ID(17.9.2)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.2)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.2)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

RESISTANCE#

RESISTANCE(17.9.2)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(\Omega\)

Description:

Resistance value.

17.9.3 Inductance element#

Defines an inductance element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

5

Text format#
* L * ID * START * END * INDUCTANCE *
L       1     1     2     0.01
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "L",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "INDUCTANCE" : 0.01
            }

L#

L(17.9.3)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the inductance element L.

ID#

ID(17.9.3)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.3)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.3)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

INDUCTANCE#

INDUCTANCE(17.9.3)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(H\)

Description:

Inductance value.

17.9.4 Mutual-inductance element#

Defines a mutual-inductance element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

5

Text format#
* M * ID * L1 * L2 * INDUCTANCE *
M       3     1     2     0.005
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "M",
                "ID" : 3,
                "L1_ID" : 1,
                "L2_ID" : 2,
                "MUTUAL_INDUCTANCE" : 0.005
            }

M#

M(17.9.4)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the mutual-inductance element M.

ID#

ID(17.9.4)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

L1_ID#

L1_ID(17.9.4)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Text format:

L1

Description:

ID of the first previously defined inductance element.

L2_ID#

L2_ID(17.9.4)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Text format:

L2

Description:

ID of the second previously defined inductance element.

MUTUAL_INDUCTANCE#

MUTUAL_INDUCTANCE(17.9.4)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(H\)

Text format:

INDUCTANCE

Description:

Mutual-inductance value.

Adds mutual inductance between inductances L1_ID and L2_ID. The referenced elements must be defined before this data.

17.9.5 Capacitance element#

Defines a capacitance element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

5

Text format#
* C * ID * START * END * CAPACITANCE *
C       1     1     2     0.001
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "C",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "CAPACITANCE" : 0.001
            }

C#

C(17.9.5)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the capacitance element C.

ID#

ID(17.9.5)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.5)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.5)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

CAPACITANCE#

CAPACITANCE(17.9.5)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(F\)

Description:

Capacitance value.

During the initial run, always enter the initial voltage using SETV.

17.9.6 Current-source element#

Defines a current-source element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

5

Text format#
* CPS * ID * START * END * TIME_ID *
CPS     1     1     2     3
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "CPS",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "TIME_ID" : 3
            }

CPS#

CPS(17.9.6)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the current-source element CPS.

ID#

ID(17.9.6)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.6)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.6)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

TIME_ID#

TIME_ID(17.9.6)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Integer (I)

Unit:

\(A\)

Description:

Current value of the current-source element. Specify TIME_ID(18).

17.9.7 Voltage-source element#

Defines a voltage-source element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

5

Text format#
* VPS * ID * START * END * TIME_ID *
VPS     1     1     2     3
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "VPS",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "TIME_ID" : 3
            }

VPS#

VPS(17.9.7)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the voltage-source element VPS.

ID#

ID(17.9.7)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.7)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.7)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

TIME_ID#

TIME_ID(17.9.7)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Integer (I)

Unit:

\(V\)

Description:

Voltage value of the voltage-source element. Specify TIME_ID(18).

If the initial current is nonzero in the initial run, enter it using SETI.

17.9.8 Nonlinear element (diode type 1)#

Defines a nonlinear element (diode type 1).

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

6

Text format#
* D1 * ID * START * END * R1 * R2 *
D1     1     1     2     10.0     100.0
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "D1",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "R1" : 10.0,
                "R2" : 100.0
            }

D1#

D1(17.9.8)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the nonlinear element D1.

ID#

ID(17.9.8)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.8)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.8)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

R1#

R1(17.9.8)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(\Omega\)

Description:

Forward-current resistance value

R2#

R2(17.9.8)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 6]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(\Omega\)

Description:

Reverse-current resistance value

Definition:

for I >= 0: V(I) = - R1 * I; for I < 0: V(I) = - R2 * I

17.9.9 Nonlinear element (diode type 2)#

Defines a nonlinear element (diode type 2).

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

6

Text format#
* D2 * ID * START * END * V0 * I0 *
D2     1     1     2     0.7     0.01
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "D2",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "V0" : 0.7,
                "I0" : 0.01
            }

D2#

D2(17.9.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the nonlinear element D2.

ID#

ID(17.9.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

V0#

V0(17.9.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(V\)

Description:

Voltage value

I0#

I0(17.9.9)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 6]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(A\)

Description:

Current value

The voltage drop is expressed as \(V = V_0 \ln\!\biggl(\frac{I + I_0}{I_0}\biggr)\), where \(I\) is the forward current value.

17.9.10 Nonlinear element (equation input)#

Defines a nonlinear element (equation input).

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

4

Text format#
* EQ * ID * START * END *
EQ      1     1     2
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "EQ",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2
            }

EQ#

EQ(17.9.10)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the nonlinear element EQ.

ID#

ID(17.9.10)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.10)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.10)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

Forward-voltage function V(I): equation input#

Enter the forward-voltage function V(I) as an equation. The units are V: \(V\) and I: \(A\).

The following elements are equivalent to this equation input. However, this format performs nonlinear calculations, so it should not be used for R.

Text format#
R: V(I)=-RESISANCE*I;;
D1: [0<=I] V1(I)=-R1*I; [I<0] V2(I)=-R2*I; V(I)=V1(I)+V2(I);;
D2: IL=I0*(-0.99);
[I<= IL] V1(I)=-V0*( (I-IL)/(IL+I0) +log((IL+I0)/I0) );
[IL <I] V2(I)=-V0* log((I+I0)/I0 );
V(I)=V1(I)+V2(I);;

17.9.11 Nonlinear element (table input)#

Defines the I-V characteristics of a nonlinear element in a table.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1 + NUMBER + Σ NO_DATAi

Number of parameters:

2 + 2 * NUMBER + 2 * Σ NO_DATAi

Text format#
* TABLE * NUMBER *
TABLE 1
* ID * NO_DATA *
1 3
* CURRENT * VOLTAGE *
0.0 0.0
1.0 0.7
2.0 1.4
Text format#
* TAB * ID * START * END * TABLE_ID *
TAB 1 1 2 1

The number of parameters in a TAB line is 5, including the element name.

JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "TABLE",
                "data" : [
                    {
                        "TABLE_ID" : 1,
                        "CURRENT" : [0.0, 1.0, 2.0],
                        "VOLTAGE" : [0.0, 0.7, 1.4]
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "type" : "TAB",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "TABLE_ID" : 1
            }

In JSON format, do not specify NUMBER or NO_DATA; they are determined from the array lengths of data, CURRENT, and VOLTAGE. The lengths of each CURRENT and VOLTAGE array must match.

TABLE#

TABLE(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the table element TABLE.

NUMBER#

NUMBER(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Number of tables. Specify this only in text format. Do not use this key in JSON format because the number is determined from the length of the data array.

ID#

ID(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [2, 1]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Table identifier in text format. In JSON format, use TABLE_ID.

Text-format section
NO_DATA(17.9.11)#

NO_DATA

Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [2, 2]
Type=I

Number of data values. Specify this only in text format. Do not use this key in JSON format because the number is determined from the lengths of the CURRENT and VOLTAGE arrays.

CURRENT#

CURRENT(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [3, 1]
Type:

Real array (E)

Unit:

\(A\)

Description:

Current value

VOLTAGE#

VOLTAGE(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [3, 2]
Type:

Real array (E)

Unit:

\(V\)

Description:

Voltage value

TAB#

TAB(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the table-input nonlinear element TAB.

ID#

ID(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

TABLE_ID#

TABLE_ID(17.9.11)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Table identifier.

17.9.12 Initially applied voltage#

Sets the initially applied voltage.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

3

Text format#
* SETV * ID * INITIAL_VOLTAGE *
SETV 1 5.0
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "R",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "RESISTANCE" : 10.0,
                "SETV" : {
                    "INITIAL_VOLTAGE" : 5.0
                }
            }

In JSON format, define SETV inside the target R, C, D1, or D2 element. The nested SETV object does not have an ID.

SETV#

SETV(17.9.12)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the initially applied-voltage condition SETV. In text format, it is an independent configuration line; in JSON format, it is an object nested inside the target element.

ID#

ID(17.9.12)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Identifier of the target element for which the initial voltage is set in text format. In JSON format, SETV is nested inside the target element, so no ID is specified for SETV itself.

INITIAL_VOLTAGE#

INITIAL_VOLTAGE(17.9.12)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(V\)

Description:

Initial voltage value

17.9.13 Initial current of a voltage source#

Sets the initial current of a voltage-source element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

3

Text format#
* SETI * ID * INITIAL_CURRENT *
SETI 1 0.1
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "VPS",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "TIME_ID" : 1,
                "SETI" : {
                    "INITIAL_CURRENT" : 0.1
                }
            }

In JSON format, define SETI inside the target VPS element. The nested SETI object does not have an ID.

SETI#

SETI(17.9.13)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the initial-current condition SETI for a voltage source. In text format, it is an independent configuration line; in JSON format, it is an object nested inside the VPS element.

ID#

ID(17.9.13)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Identifier of the target element for which the initial current is set in text format. In JSON format, SETI is nested inside the target element, so no ID is specified for SETI itself.

INITIAL_CURRENT#

INITIAL_CURRENT(17.9.13)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(A\)

Description:

Initial current value

17.9.14 Switch element#

Defines a switch element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

2 + NO_DATA

Number of parameters:

10 + NO_DATA * 2

Text format#
* SWITCH * ID * START * END * ON_RES * OFF_RES *
SWITCH 1 1 2 0.01 1000000
* NO_DATA * CYCLE * PHASE_OP * TIME_ID *
1 0.02 1 0
* ON_TIME * OFF_TIME *
0.01 0.015
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "SWITCH",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "ON_RES" : 0.01,
                "OFF_RES" : 1000000,
                "CYCLE" : 0.02,
                "PHASE_OP" : 1,
                "TIME_ID" : 0,
                "ON_TIME" : [ 0.01 ],
                "OFF_TIME" : [ 0.015 ]
            }

SWITCH#

SWITCH(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the switch element SWITCH.

ID#

ID(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

ON_RES#

ON_RES(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(\Omega\)

Description:

Resistance of the switch in the ON (closed) state

OFF_RES#

OFF_RES(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 6]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

\(\Omega\)

Description:

Resistance of the switch in the OFF (open) state

Text-format section
NO_DATA(17.9.14)#

NO_DATA

Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [2, 1]
Type=I

Number of ON and OFF time intervals.

CYCLE#

CYCLE(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [2, 2]
Type:

Real (E)

Unit:

sec

Description:

Switch period. A value of 0 means that the switch is not periodic.

PHASE_OP#

PHASE_OP(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [2, 3]
Phase-angle input flag#

0

Real-time input

1

Phase-angle input (deg)

TIME_ID#

TIME_ID(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [2, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Time-variation identifier. Specify TIME_ID(18).

ON_TIME#

ON_TIME(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [3, 1]
Type:

Real array (E)

Unit:

sec: PHASE_OP = 0 or deg: PHASE_OP = 1

Description:

Start time of the ON state.

OFF_TIME#

OFF_TIME(17.9.14)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [3, 2]
Type:

Real array (E)

Unit:

sec: PHASE_OP = 0 or deg: PHASE_OP = 1

Description:

Start time of the OFF state.

17.9.15 Variable-resistance element#

Defines a variable-resistance element.

Text-format section
Type:

Fixed parameter set 1

Number of rows:

1

Number of parameters:

5

Text format#
* VR * ID * START * END * TIME_ID *
VR 1 1 2 3
JSON format from 2024.11#
            {
                "type" : "VR",
                "ID" : 1,
                "START" : 1,
                "END" : 2,
                "TIME_ID" : 3
            }

VR#

VR(17.9.15)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 1]
Type:

String (S)

Description:

Defines the variable-resistance element VR.

ID#

ID(17.9.15)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 2]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Element identifier

START#

START(17.9.15)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 3]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Start-node number.

END#

END(17.9.15)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 4]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

End-node number.

TIME_ID#

TIME_ID(17.9.15)#
Text-format section
Fixed parameter set 1#
[row, col] = [1, 5]
Type:

Integer (I)

Description:

Time-variation identifier. Specify TIME_ID(18).